Week 4 - Supply and Demand Basics

 Supply and Demand Basics

Supply and demand are fundamental concepts in economics representing the market dynamics of most goods and services.

  • Supply refers to the total amount of a certain good or service available for purchase. It's directly influenced by the price; generally, as the price increases, suppliers are willing to offer more of the product.

  • Demand represents how much of a good or service consumers are willing to purchase. Typically, as the price of a good increases, the demand decreases.

Laws of Supply and Demand

  1. Law of Demand: There's an inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded. As prices fall, demand usually increases and vice versa.

  2. Law of Supply: There's a direct relationship between price and quantity supplied. As prices rise, the quantity of goods supplied also increases and vice versa.

Supply and Demand Curves

  • The Demand Curve slopes downwards, reflecting the inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded.

  • The Supply Curve slopes upwards, showing the direct relationship between price and quantity supplied.

Market Equilibrium

  • Equilibrium occurs where the supply and demand curves intersect. At this point, the quantity of goods supplied equals the quantity demanded.
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Arz ve Talep Temelleri

Arz ve talep, çoğu mal ve hizmetin piyasa dinamiklerini temsil eden ekonomide temel kavramlardır.

  • Arz, satın alınmak üzere mevcut olan belirli bir mal veya hizmetin toplam miktarını ifade eder. Fiyat tarafından doğrudan etkilenir; genellikle fiyat arttıkça, tedarikçiler ürünün daha fazlasını sunmaya istekli olurlar.

  • Talep, tüketicilerin satın almayı istediği mal veya hizmet miktarını temsil eder. Tipik olarak, bir malın fiyatı arttıkça, talep azalır.

Arz ve Talep Yasaları

  1. Talep Yasası: Fiyat ve talep edilen miktar arasında ters bir ilişki vardır. Fiyatlar düştükçe, talep genellikle artar ve tersi de geçerlidir.

  2. Arz Yasası: Fiyat ve arz edilen miktar arasında doğrudan bir ilişki vardır. Fiyatlar yükseldikçe, arz edilen mal miktarı da artar ve tersi de geçerlidir.

Arz ve Talep Eğrileri

  • Talep Eğrisi aşağı doğru eğimlidir ve fiyat ile talep edilen miktar arasındaki ters ilişkiyi yansıtır.

  • Arz Eğrisi yukarı doğru eğimlidir ve fiyat ile arz edilen miktar arasındaki doğrudan ilişkiyi gösterir.

Piyasa Denge Noktası

  • Denge, arz ve talep eğrilerinin kesiştiği noktada meydana gelir. Bu noktada, arz edilen mal miktarı talep edilen miktarla eşittir.

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